Table of Contents

Executive Summary 5

Introduction to Disaster Management 6
Overview 6
Classification of Natural Disasters 7
Preparing for a Disaster 8
Planning Process 9
Research 10
Development 11
Validation 12
Maintenance 12

Disaster Preparation and Emergency Preparedness 14
Direction and Control 14
Communications 18
Warning 20
Emergency Public Information 23
Evacuation 25
Mass Care 27
Health and Medical Services 28
Resource Management 30

Pre-Disaster Planning 33
Policy Considerations 33
Long Term Goals 34
Short-Term Recovery Issues 35
Economic Recovery 38
Establishing the Means to Facilitate Recovery 39
Building a Disaster-Resistant (Sustainable) Economy 40
Mitigation 42
Pre-disaster Mitigation 43
Seizing Post-Disaster Opportunities 44

Regulatory Planning Considerations 46
Hurricanes 46
Tornadoes 49
Earthquakes 51
Floods 52

Natural Disasters and Energy Infrastructure 55
Damages from Hurricanes Rita and Katrina 55
Petroleum 58
Natural Gas 62
Lessons Learned 64
Dependence 65
Refining and Reprocessing 65
Pipelines 66
Natural Gas 67

Protecting Critical Energy Infrastructure 69
Overview 69
Role of Distributed Energy Assets 70
Grid Security 70
Grid Stabilization 71
Reliable Power Quality 73
How Distributed Energy Assets Can Help 73

Post-Event Recovery 78
Stationary Energy Assets 78
Deployable Energy Assets 79
Meeting Critical Needs and Recovery 80

Economic and Policy Considerations 86
Protecting Critical Energy Infrastructure 86
Post-Event Recovery 90

Government Initiatives 93
Critical Energy Infrastructure Protection 93
Critical Infrastructure Protection Working Group 93
Transportation Emergency Preparedness Program 94
Comprehensive Emergency Management System 95
Emergency Operations and Contingency Response 96
Environmental Management Program 98

Preparedness and Recovery Checklists 99
Facility Identification 99
Critical Asset Identification 100
Threat Applicability 101
Identification of Physical Security Systems 102
Electric Power Supply and Distribution 104
Electric Power Supply and Distribution 104
Petroleum Fuels Supply and Storage 104
Natural Gas Supply 105
Transportation 105
Emergency Service 106
Internal Computers and Servers 106
SCADA Systems 107

Appendix 108

Glossary 111