Executive Summary 12
Introduction to Solar Power 14
Overview 14
Advantages and Disadvantages of Solar Power 14
Advantages 14
Disadvantages 15
Availability of Solar Power 16
Why Do We Need CSP? 17
Utility of Solar Power 19
Daylighting 19
Heliostat Power Plants 19
Passive Solar Building Design 21
Levels of Usage 23
Solar Cookers 24
Solar Electric Vehicles 24
Design of Solar Cars 25
Electrical System of the Car 27
Drive Train 27
Mechanical Systems of the Car 28
Solar Array of the Car 29
Chassis and Bodies 29
Race Strategy and Solar Cars 30
Solar Hot Water Systems 31
Solar Photovoltaic Technology 31
Solar Power Satellites 33
History of Solar Power Satellite 33
Components 34
Challenges 36
Advantages of SPS 41
Solar Thermal Energy 41
Solar Updraft Tower 42
Overview 42
History 43
Economical Feasibility of Solar Updraft Tower 43
Converting Solar Energy to Electrical Energy 44
Related Concepts 45
Basics of Solar Thermal Power 47
Brief History 47
Importance of the Solar Resource 48
Distribution of Solar Resource for CSP 49
CSP Market Today 51
Transporting and Exporting Electricity from CSP 52
Principles of Solar Thermal Power Conversion 52
Changing Solar Heat into Electricity 53
Why Concentrate Solar Power? 54
Environmental Sustainability 54
Economic Sustainability 55
Costing Patterns 56
Challenges and Opportunities 58
Opportunities 58
Challenges 59
Technology Overview 61
Parabolic Trough 62
Technology Developments 67
Costing Patterns 68
Linear Fresnel Reflectors 70
Central Receiver or Solar Tower 71
Parabolic Dish 74
Other Systems 76
Enhancing CSP Capacities 78
Thermal Storage 78
Backup and Hybridization 82
Plant Cooling and Water Requirements 84
Grid Integration of CSP Plants 86
Market Patterns and Cost Analysis 87
Environmental Benefits of CSP 89
CSP and Niche Markets 90
Global Market 92
Heated Competition in the Market 95
Algeria 95
Algeria 96
Australia 98
Brazil 99
India 100
Europe 105
Egypt 109
Mexico 112
Morocco 113
Spain 114
Spanish Solar Thermal Incentive Program 119
Iran 121
Israel 122
Italy 123
Jordan 123
South Africa 123
Eskom 124
United States 125
Australia 127
Deployment Potential for CSP 129
Forecast for CSP Deployment 129
Importance of Long Range Transportation of Electricity 132
Global Deployment of CSP by 2020 134
Global Deployment of CSP by 2030 136
Global Deployment of CSP beyond 2030 137
Emergence of Concentrated Solar Fuels 138
Economic Perspectives for the Future of CSP 140
Investment Costs 140
O&M Costs 142
Generation Costs 142
Financing of CSP Plants 143
Requirement for Improved Technology 144
Troughs and Linear Fresnel Reflectors 144
CSP Towers & Dishes 146
Newer Storage Technologies 147
Demand for Solar Fuel Technologies 148
Making CSP Competitive in the Future 151
Providing Incentives for CSP Deployment 152
CSP Deployment in Emerging Economies 154
Leading Players 157
American Solar Electric 157
Ascent Solar Technologies 157
ATERSA 159
Aleo Solar 165
Atlantis Energy 167
Amonix 168
AREVA Solar, formerly Ausra 169
Abound Solar 171
BP Solar 173
BSR Solar Technologies 174
BrightSource 177
CSP Alliance 178
China Sunergy 179
Coolearth Solar 181
DayStar Technologies 182
Energy Photovoltaics 184
Entech Engineering, Inc. 185
Evergreen Solar 185
First Solar, Inc 186
Fotowatio Renewable Ventures SL 190
Free Energy Europe 190
GE Power 191
Global Solar Energy 192
GT Solar 195
Kyocera Solar 195
MAN Solar Millennium GmbH 196
Nanosolar 197
Photowatt 200
PowerLight Corporation 201
Q-Cells 201
Sanyo 203
Spire Corporation 203
Sharp Solar Energy Systems 205
Shell Solar 206
CIS Thin-Film Technology 206
Rural Activities 207
Schott Solar 207
Sener Ingenieria y Sistemas 208
Solar Millennium AG 209
Solel Solar Systems 210
Stirling Energy Systems 211
TerraSolar 212
Unisolar 213
Case Studies 214
Parabolic Trough Systems 214
Abengoa Mojave Solar Project 214
Alvarado I 215
Andasol-1 216
Andasol-2 232
Andasol-3 234
Andasol-4 235
Table 5: Project Snapshot 237
Archimede 238
Arcosol 50 240
BrightSource Coyote Springs 1 (PG&E 3) 242
BrightSource Coyote Springs 2 (PG&E 4) 243
BrightSource PG&E 5 244
BrightSource PG&E 6 245
BrightSource PG&E 7 246
Central Solar Termoelectrica La Florida 247
Colorado Integrated Solar Project 249
Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Project 250
EL REBOSO II 50-MW Solar Thermal Power Plant 252
EL REBOSO III 50-MW Solar Thermal Power Plant 254
Extresol-1 256
Extresol-2 258
Extresol-3 260
Gaskell Sun Tower 262
Gemasolar Thermosolar Plant 263
Genesis Solar Energy Project 265
Helios I 266
Helios II 268
Holaniku at Keahole Point 270
Ibersol Ciudad Real (Puertollano) 271
ISCC Argelia 273
ISCC Morocco 274
ISCCS Al Kuraymat 275
Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating Station 276
Kimberlina Solar Thermal Power Plant 278
La Dehesa 280
Lebrija 1 282
Majadas I 284
Manchasol-1 285
Manchasol-2 287
Maricopa Solar Project 289
Martin Next Generation Solar Energy Center 290
Mojave Solar Park 291
Nevada Solar One 292
NextEra Beacon Solar Energy Project 294
Palen Solar Power Project 295
Palma del Río I 296
Palma del Río II 297
Palmdale Hybrid Power Plant 298
Planta Solar 10 299
Planta Solar 20 301
Puerto Errado 1 Thermosolar Power Plant 303
Puerto Errado 2 Thermosolar Power Plant 305
Rice Solar Energy Project 307
Solar Energy Generating Systems (SEGS) 309
Saguaro Power Plant 310
Shams 1 312
Sierra SunTower 313
Solana Generating Station 315
Solar Electric Generating Station I 316
Solar Electric Generating Station II 318
Solar Electric Generating Station III 319
Solar Electric Generating Station IV 321
Solar Electric Generating Station V 323
Solar Electric Generating Station VI 325
Solar Electric Generating Station VII 327
Solar Electric Generating Station VIII 329
Solar Electric Generating Station IX 331
Solnova 1 333
SolarReserve 335
Solnova 3 336
Solnova 4 338
UA Tech Park Thermal Storage Demonstration Project 340
Vallesol 50 341
Victorville 2 Hybrid Power Plant 343
Linear Fresnel Reflector Systems 344
Kimberlina Solar Thermal Power Plant 344
Puerto Errado 1 Thermosolar Power Plant 346
Puerto Errado 2 Thermosolar Power Plant 348
Sundt Solar Boost Project 350
Central Receiver or Solar Tower 352
11MW Solar Tower, Seville, Spain 352
BrightSource Coyote Springs 1 (PG&E 3) 353
BrightSource Coyote Springs 2 (PG&E 4) 354
BrightSource PG&E 5 355
BrightSource PG&E 6 356
BrightSource PG&E 7 357
Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Project 358
Gaskell Sun Tower 360
Gemasolar Thermosolar Plant 361
Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating Station 364
Planta Solar 10 366
Planta Solar 20 368
Rice Solar Energy Project 370
Sierra SunTower 372
Parabolic Dish 374
Maricopa Solar Project 374
Appendix 375
World Solar Thermal Power Stations- Existing, Under Construction and Planned 375
Glossary 383